Workshop
本页目录· 6 条
1.1 Activity: Sort the programming languages
Below is a list of different types of programming languages.
In groups of two or three people in your workshop, sort these languages in order from highest to lowest, i.e., so that the low-level languages are at the bottom and the high-level languages are at the top.
You might need to do some research! Google each language to see what you can find out about it. Discuss in your groups where each language belongs on the five classifications of programming languages pyramid shown in Lesson 1.1.2.
1. Prolog
2. Python
3. MATLAB
4. Java
5. COBOL
6. Fortran
7. C
8. MIPS
9. INTERPROGRAM (CSIRAC)
10. Binary code 第 1 层:问题导向语言(Problem-Oriented / Very High-Level Languages)
这些语言贴近人类自然语言,用于特定领域或逻辑推理。
- Prolog(逻辑编程)
- MATLAB(数学和工程计算)
- Python(解释型、通用、现代高级语言)
第 2 层:高级语言(High-Level Languages)
跨平台、通用编程语言,可进行结构化和面向对象编程。
- Java
- COBOL(早期商业用途)
- Fortran(科学计算)
第 3 层:中级语言(Mid-Level Languages / Portable Assembly)
更贴近硬件、但仍具有一定抽象性,C 是典型代表。
- C
第 4 层:低级语言(Low-Level Languages / Assembly Language)
与特定计算机架构强相关,程序员需手动管理寄存器与内存。
- MIPS(一种汇编语言)
- INTERPROGRAM (CSIRAC)(早期机器特定语言)
第 5 层:机器语言(Machine Language)
最低级的语言,由 CPU 直接执行,仅由 0 和 1 构成。
- Binary code